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Repository Guidelines

This is a Kratos service template. This file owns the layering contract agents must follow when changing the template.

Project structure

cmd/                      Entrypoint, Wire injector, main.go.
configs/                  Runtime config (config.yaml). No secrets.
internal/config/          Viper config models, loading, snapshots, and reloads.
internal/server/          Gin/Kratos handlers, middleware, routers, static files.
internal/service/dto/     Hand-written request and response DTOs.
internal/service/         DTO/DO transport adapters.
internal/biz/              Domain models, usecases, repo interfaces, errors.
internal/data/             Repo implementations, database clients, migrations.
internal/initialize/       First-install and configuration orchestration.
internal/integration/      External I/O adapters (cache, email, payment, storage).
internal/modules/          Built-in module schema, seed, menu, API, and task contributions.
internal/routecatalog/     HTTP route metadata and runtime policies.
internal/worker/           Timed-task runtime and scheduler.
internal/utils/            Stateless internal helpers.
pkg/                       Reusable infrastructure packages.
web/                       Vue administration frontend.

Layering & dependency rules

Three model shapes flow through three layers. biz owns the DO, data owns the PO; service is a pass-through that converts at its boundary.

   client ──► DTO ──► service ──► DO ──► biz ──► DO ──► data ──► PO ──► storage
                                  ▲                ▲
                                  │ declares       │ implements
                                  └─── repo IF ────┘

   DTO  Data Transfer Object — hand-written HTTP request / response.
   DO   Domain Object        — pure biz model, no proto, no storage tags.
   PO   Persistent Object    — storage shape, owned by `data`.

Layer	Owns	Speaks at boundary	Never speaks
service	—	DTO ↔ DO	PO, storage client
biz	DO	DO	DTO, PO, storage client
data	PO	DO ↔ PO	DTO

service imports internal/service/dto (DTO) and biz (DO). Never data.
biz never imports service or data. The repo interface declared here is the inversion seam.
data imports biz to implement the repo interface. Never service, never DTOs.
integration implements external I/O boundaries and may import biz and provider SDKs; it is not a utility layer.
cmd is the only place that wires all layers via Wire.

A change crossing these arrows the wrong way is a layering bug; fix the design rather than add the import.

Layer responsibilities

service (DTO ↔ DO)

convert<Resource> parses an incoming proto into a DO. The reverse direction is built inline at the return site; the reply type is whatever the proto declares — usually the resource itself (return &v1.<Resource>{...}, nil), sometimes a list wrapper (*v1.<Resources>Set), or &emptypb.Empty{} for deletes. Inlining keeps each handler self-contained.
Embed Unimplemented<Resource>ServiceServer.
Parse AIP list requests via filtering / ordering / pagination; apply fieldmask.Update for partial updates.
Validate request inputs at the service boundary before delegating to the usecase.
Return biz errors. No business rules, no storage access, no PO.

biz (DO only)

Owns the DO (type <Resource> struct — no proto, no storage tags), the usecase, and the repo interface (type <Resource>Repo interface).
Owns typed errors built with errors.NotFound / errors.BadRequest plus the API error reason enum.
Owns ListOption helpers — ListFilter, ListOrderBy, ListOffset, ListLimit — so callers compose queries without leaking storage primitives.

data (DO ↔ PO)

Repo shape: implement biz.<Resource>Repo. The constructor returns the interface, never the concrete type: func New<Resource>Repo(d *Data) biz.<Resource>Repo.
PO and conversion: define a PO when the storage shape diverges from the DO. PO types stay inside data. Use free functions new<Resource> (DO → PO, write) and toBiz (PO → DO, read). Driver-specific builder types never leave data.
Shared clients: *Data (declared in internal/data/data.go) holds long-lived storage clients. Repos receive *Data and never construct their own clients.
Querying: translate ListOptions.Filter and ListOptions.OrderBy into the storage driver's query language inside the repo.
Errors: map driver errors to biz typed errors so callers above never branch on the driver.

server

Construct HTTP/gRPC servers, apply middleware, register services. No translation, no business logic.

Add-a-resource checklist

DTO: define Create<Resource> / Get<Resource> / List<Resources> / Update<Resource> / Delete<Resource> in api/<domain>/<version>/, then make api.
DO + repo interface: declare both in biz; build the usecase on top of the interface.
Repo impl: implement in data returning biz.<Resource>Repo; add a PO and the matching conversion helpers when storage shape diverges from DO.
Wiring: register the repo constructor in data.ProviderSet, the usecase in biz.ProviderSet, the service in service.ProviderSet; register HTTP/gRPC services in internal/server.
Regenerate: make all to refresh Wire and go.mod.

Testing seam

Tests live beside the code they cover (*_test.go). Test layers in isolation: service tests fake the usecase, biz tests fake the repo, data tests exercise repo implementations at the storage boundary.

Generation & generated files

Regenerate via make api or make all; never hand-edit *.pb.go, *_grpc.pb.go, *_http.pb.go, or wire_gen.go.

Naming & error reasons

Resource: <Resource> (e.g., Todo); collection RPC: List<Resources>.
Types: repo <Resource>Repo, usecase <Resource>Usecase, service <Resource>Service. PO types live inside internal/data/; pick a name that fits the storage driver and convert with new<Resource>(do) / toBiz(po) free functions.
Error reasons: declared in api/<domain>/<version>/error_reason.proto, surfaced as Err<Resource><Cause> in biz.

Commits & security

Conventional Commits: feat:, fix:, refactor:, chore(deps):, docs:, test:. Regenerated files belong in the same commit as their source.
Never commit real credentials in configs/config.yaml.

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